• Puy de Dôme Observatory: 45.772°N 2.965°E 1465 m a.s.l.
• Cézeaux site: 45.761°N 3.111°E 410 m a.s.l.
• Opme Station: 45.712°N 3.090°E 680 m a.s.l.

Observational platform

France

• French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS)
• University of Clermont Auvergne

• Jean Luc Baray
  Facility PI

CO-PDD combines in situ and remote sensing observations from different connected sites (Cézeaux, Opme, and puy de Dôme) at different altitudes allowing the evolution of the composition of the troposphere of central France to be documented. The puy de Dôme observatory (PUY, 45.77N, 2.96E; 1465 m a.s.l.) is located about 15 km far from immediate pollution sources, the Opme station (45.71N, 3.09E, 660 m) is located in a semi-rural area, and the Cézeaux site (45.76N, 3.11E, 410 m) is located at the University Clermont Auvergne, in a suburban area near the city of Clermont-Ferrand. The sites are 10 to 15 km apart.

One objective of CO-PDD is to document the evolution of the tropospheric composition over long periods, to quantify the role of anthropogenic emissions in this evolution, and to contribute to better understanding of atmospheric processes driving the observed variability. The localization of the stations and the complementarity of remote sensing and in situ measurements are optimal to evaluate local/regional transport and environmental variability of atmospheric components.

The stations are equipped with various sensors and analyzers to document chemical, biophysical, and physical properties of gases, aerosols, clouds, and precipitation. The wind tunnel of the puy de Dôme observatory allows more particularly the study of cloud microphysical properties under natural atmospheric conditions.

• Baray et al. (2020). Cézeaux-Aulnat-Opme-Puy De Dôme: a multi-site for the long-term survey of the tropospheric composition and climate change. Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13(6), 3413-3445. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-3413-2020
• Peyrin et al. (2023). Original and Low-Cost ADS-B System to Fulfill Air Traffic Safety Obligations during High Power LIDAR Operation. Sensors, 23(6), 2899. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23062899
• Renard et al. (2022). Free amino acid quantification in cloud water at the Puy de Dôme station (France). Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22(4), 2467-2486. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-2467-2022
• Farah et al. (2021). Altitude Aerosol Measurements in Central France: Seasonality, Sources and Free‐Troposphere/Boundary Layer Segregation. Earth and Space Science, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EA001018
• Dillon et al. (2020). Cyanobacteria and Algae in Clouds and Rain in the Area of puy de Dôme, Central France. Appl Environ Microbiol, 87(1). https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01850-20
• Renard et al. (2020). Classification of Clouds Sampled at the Puy de Dôme Station (France) Based on Chemical Measurements and Air Mass History Matrices. Atmosphere, 11(7), 732. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11070732
• Baray et al. (2019). Cloud Occurrence Frequency at Puy de Dôme (France) Deduced from an Automatic Camera Image Analysis: Method, Validation, and Comparisons with Larger Scale Parameters. Atmosphere, 10(12), 808. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10120808
• Bianco et al. (2019). Chemical Characterization of Cloudwater Collected at Puy de Dôme by FT-ICR MS Reveals the Presence of SOA Components. ACS Earth Space Chem., 3(10), 2076-2087. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.9b00153
• Bianco et al. (2019). Effect of endogenous microbiota on the molecular composition of cloud water: a study by Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Sci Rep, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44149-8
• Farah et al. (2018). Seasonal Variation of Aerosol Size Distribution Data at the Puy de Dôme Station with Emphasis on the Boundary Layer/Free Troposphere Segregation. Atmosphere, 9(7), 244. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos9070244
• Baray et al. (2017). Case Study and Climatological Analysis of Upper-Tropospheric Jet Stream and Stratosphere–Troposphere Exchanges Using VHF Profilers and Radionuclide Measurements in France. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 56(11), 3081-3097. https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-16-0353.1
• Bianco et al. (2017). Trace Metals in Cloud Water Sampled at the Puy De Dôme Station. Atmosphere, 8(11), 225. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos8110225
• Chauvigné et al. (2016). Comparison of the aerosol optical properties and size distribution retrieved by sun photometer with in situ measurements at midlatitude. Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9(9), 4569-4585. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-4569-2016
• Freney et al. (2016). Experimental Evidence of the Feeding of the Free Troposphere with Aerosol Particles from the Mixing Layer. Aerosol Air Qual. Res., 16(3), 702-716. https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2015.03.0164
• Fréville et al. (2015). LIDAR Developments at Clermont-Ferrand—France for Atmospheric Observation. Sensors, 15(2), 3041-3069. https://doi.org/10.3390/s150203041